Extrusion ndi njira yopangira yomwe imaphatikizapo kudutsa zinthu kudzera mukufa kuti apange chinthu chokhala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika. Ukadaulowu umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale angapo kuphatikiza mapulasitiki, zitsulo, chakudya ndi mankhwala. Makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma extrusion amapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zapadera za zinthu zomwe zimatulutsidwa kuti zitsimikizire bwino komanso zolondola. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga extrusion, zigawo zake, ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito.
1. Single Screw Extruder
The single screw extruder ndi mtundu wamba wa extruder. Zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo za helical zomwe zimazungulira mu mbiya ya cylindrical. Zinthuzo zimadyetsedwa mu hopper momwe zimatenthedwa ndikusungunuka pamene zikuyenda motsatira screw. Mapangidwe a screw amalola kuti zinthuzo zisakanike, kusungunuka ndi kupopera mutu wakufa. Single screw extruder ndi yosunthika kwambiri ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ma thermoplastics ndi ma thermosets.
2. Twin Screw Extruder
Ma Twin-screw extruder ali ndi zomangira ziwiri zozungulira zomwe zimazungulira mbali imodzi kapena mosiyana. Kapangidwe kameneka kamalola kusakaniza bwino ndi kusakanizana ndipo ndi koyenera kwa mapulogalamu omwe amafunikira digiri yapamwamba ya homogeneity. Ma Twin-screw extruder amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga chakudya, mankhwala ndi zida zapamwamba za polima. Ma Twin-screw extruder amathanso kukonza zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza zida zomwe sizimamva kutentha.
3. Plunger Extruder
Plunger extruder, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti pisitoni extruder, amagwiritsa ntchito plunger yobwerezabwereza kukankha zinthu kudzera pakufa. Mtundu uwu wa extruder nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzikonza ndi zowononga zowononga, monga zoumba ndi zitsulo zina. Plunger extruder imatha kufika pazovuta kwambiri motero ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira kachulukidwe kwambiri komanso zotulutsa mphamvu.
4. Mapepala extruders
Ma sheet extruder ndi makina apadera opangira mapepala athyathyathya. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chophatikizira chimodzi kapena ziwiri zowotcha ndi kufa kuti atulutse zinthuzo kukhala pepala. The extruded pepala akhoza utakhazikika ndi kudula mu makulidwe oyenera zosiyanasiyana ntchito, kuphatikizapo ma CD, zomangamanga ndi magalimoto mbali.
5.wowomberedwa filimu extruder
Wowombedwa filimu extruder ndi njira yapadera ntchito kupanga mafilimu pulasitiki. Pochita izi, pulasitiki yosungunuka imatulutsidwa kudzera mukufa kozungulira ndikukulitsidwa kuti apange thovu. The thovu kuziziritsa ndi kuchepa kupanga lathyathyathya filimu. Zotulutsa filimu zowombedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga ma CD kuti apange matumba, mapepala okutira ndi zida zina zosinthira.
Tiyeni tiwone kampani yathuLQ 55 Wopanga filimu yowomba makina awiri osanjikiza awiri (Film wide 800MM)
The extruder imakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zofunika zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zitsimikizike kuti zida bwino:
Hopper: Hopper ndi pomwe zopangira zimayikidwa mu makina. Zapangidwa kudyetsa zopangira mosalekeza mu extruder.
Screw: Zowononga ndi mtima wa extruder. Ili ndi udindo wotumiza, kusungunula ndi kusakaniza zopangira pamene zikudutsa mumgolo.
Mgolo: Mgolo ndi chipolopolo cha cylindrical chomwe chili ndi screw. Mgolowu uli ndi zinthu zotenthetsera zosungunula zinthuzo ndipo ukhoza kukhala ndi malo ozizirirapo kuti azitha kuwongolera kutentha.
Ifa: The kufa ndi gawo lomwe limapanga zinthu zomwe zimatuluka mu mawonekedwe omwe akufuna. Mafa amatha kusinthidwa kuti apange mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana azinthu monga chitoliro, pepala kapena filimu.
Dongosolo Lozizira: Zinthu zikachoka pakufa, nthawi zambiri zimafunika kuzizizira kuti zisunge mawonekedwe ake. Makina ozizirira amatha kukhala osambira m'madzi, kuziziritsa mpweya, kapena zoziziritsa, kutengera ntchito.
Njira Zodulira: Muzinthu zina, zinthu zotuluka zingafunike kudulidwa mpaka kutalika kwake. Kudula machitidwe akhoza Integrated mu mzere extrusion kuti automate ndondomekoyi.
The extrusion ndondomeko imayamba ndi Kukweza zopangira mu hopper. Zopangirazo zimayikidwa mumgolo momwe zimatenthedwa ndikusungunuka pamene zikuyenda motsatira screw. Chophimbacho chimapangidwa kuti chisakanize bwino zinthu zopangira ndikuzipopera mukufa. Zinthu zikafika pakufa, zimakakamizika kudutsa potsegula kuti zipange mawonekedwe omwe akufuna.
Extrudate ikasiya kufa, imazizira ndikukhazikika. Malingana ndi mtundu wa extruder ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, njira zina zingafunikire kuchitidwa, monga kudula, kupukuta kapena kukonza zina.
Extrusion ndi njira yofunika yopangira yomwe imadalira zida zapadera kuti apange zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kuchokera ku single-screw and twin-screw extruder kupita ku plunger extruder ndi makina opanga mafilimu ophulitsidwa, mtundu uliwonse wa extruder uli ndi cholinga chapadera pamsika. Kumvetsetsa zigawo ndi ntchito za makinawa n'kofunika kwambiri kuti kukhathamiritsa ndondomeko extrusion ndi kupeza zotsatira apamwamba. Pomwe ukadaulo ukupitilirabe patsogolo, makampani opanga ma extrusion atha kuwona zatsopano zomwe zitha kukulitsa luso ndikukulitsa mwayi wopanga zinthu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-02-2024